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Location: Ohio, United States

Former school teacher, home educator, mother of three, and genealogist. Many graduate courses in education. Attorney and counselor at law.

Tuesday, April 03, 2007

Willful Ignorance and Clearing the Underbrush


According to 9th Circuit Judge Alex Kozinski, willful ignorance amounts to knowledge of criminal activity. This was reported earlier today.

Judge Kozinski is a well-regarded jurist. See
here, here, and here..

This jury instruction is known as a "Jewell instruction" in the Ninth Circuit.

One of dissenting judges,
Judge Susan Graber, said that this kind of instruction creates a crime that does not exist in the text of the statute, and that this instruction "transform[s] knowledge into mens rea more closely akin to negligence or recklessness."

So, if this is a serious problem, why has the "Jewell instruction" existed in the Ninth Circuit Model Jury Instructions? Why has it not been changed since 1976?

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